II. 閱讀理解
Directions: There are 2 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
◎題型: 材料題
Passage 1
Jupiter Communications, a market research firm, reports that 72% of teenagers in the United States will be online by 2003 (Stanton, 2000). This alone indicates that students will learn and communicate electronically more than any previous generation. At the same time, teenagers are not the only digital learners. With the growing number of online courses, the increasing accessibility of computers, and the increasing number of computer users, students of all ages are taking advantage of distance learning or are using computers to enhance the traditional classroom experience.
Two things emerge in the study of students’ attitudes toward online learning: individual situations impact students’ perceptions of computer-based learning and students’ varied individual characteristics make it difficult to define their perceptions conclusively. For example, some students have their own computers, while others rely on computer labs. Such variation in computer access can result in attitudinal differences. In addition, the purpose of computer use varies. Distance education courses, for example, use computers in different ways than traditional classrooms, which can also affect students’ perceptions. A wide variety of achievement levels and attitudes exist among both online and traditional learners. Although an illusory “typical learner” exists, a variety of factors, including students’ gender, age, and motivation, could explain different reactions among the student population.
T題型：單選題
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What will make online learning more and more popular?
A. The crowded classrooms.
B. The lower cost of computers.
C. The increase of computer users.
D. The previous generations interest in digital communication.
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Who may become online learners?
A. Mainly teenagers.
B. Mostly college students.
C. Only working people with their own computers.
D. People of all ages and backgrounds.
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According to the passage, what does "digital learners" mean?
A. Learners of mathematics.
B. Learners of information technology.
C. Computer users.
D. Online learners.
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Which of the following is the main factor that makes it difficult to define students' perceptions of online learning definitely?
A. Learners' varied locations.
B. Learners' varied characteristics.
C. Learners' varied communication skills.
D. Learners' varied experiences.
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What is the author's attitude towards online learning?
A. cautious B. indifferent C. positive D. negative
◎題型: 材料題
Passage 2
Ever since humans have inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink can be a way of flirting or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.
Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people. While verbalization is the most common form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.
T題型：單選題
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Which of the following best summarizes this passage?
A. When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication.
B. Everybody uses only one form of communication.
C. Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners.
D. Although other forms of communication exist, verbalization is the fastest.
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Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?
A. There are many forms of communication in existence today.
B. Verbalization is the most common form of communication.
C. The deaf and mute do not need sign language for communication.
D. Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted by language.
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Which form other than oral speech would be most commonly used among blind people?
A. Picture signs. B. Braille.
【B】
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How many different forms of communication are mentioned here?
A. 2 — 4 B. 5 — 7 C. 8 — 10 D. Over 10
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Sign language is said to be very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally as it doesn't represent _____.
A. spellings B. whole words C. ideas D. feelings
◎題型: 材料題
Passage 3
Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses, each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks. While attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.
For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes pressure from the strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example by cheating, has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him or her later in his or her career.
T題型：單選題
11. Normally a student would at least attend _______ classes each week.
A. 10 B. 12 C. 15 D. 20
【B】
12. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed______.
A. to live in a different university
B. to take a particular course in a different university
C. to live at home and drive to classes
D. to get two degrees from two different universities
【B】
13. American university students are usually under pressure of work because____.
A. their academic performance will affect their future career
B. they are heavily involved in student affairs
C. they have to observe university discipline
D. they want to run for positions of authority
【C】
14. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because__________.
A. they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study
B. they will then be able to stay longer in the university
C. such positions help them get better jobs
D. such positions are usually well paid
【C】
15. The student organizations seem to be effective in ___________.
A. dealing with the academic affairs of the university
B. ensuring that the students observe university regulations
C. evaluating students performance by bringing them before a court
D. keeping up the students enthusiasm for social activities
【B】
◎題型: 材料題
Passage 4
During sleep, the fatigue (疲勞) of the body disappears and recuperation ( 恢復) begins. The tired mind gathers new energy. Once awake, the memory improves, and annoyance and problems are seen in a better perspective.
Some adults require little sleep; others need eight to ten hours in every twenty-four. Infants sleep sixteen to eighteen hours daily and, as they grow older, the amount gradually diminishes. Young students may need twelve hours; university students may need ten. A worker with a physically demanding job may also need ten, whereas an executive worker under great pressure may manage on six to eight. Many famous people are reputed to have required little sleep. Napoleon, Thomas Edison and Charles Darwin apparently averaged only four to six hours a night.
Whatever your individual need, you can be sure that by the age of thirty you will have slept for a total of more than twelve years. By that age you will also have developed a sleep routine: a favorite hour, a favorite bed, a favorite position, and a formula you need to follow in order to rest comfortably.
Investigators have tried to find out how long a person can go without sleep. Several people have reached more than 115 hours nearly five days, whereas animals kept awake for from five to eight days have died of exhaustion. The limit for human beings is probably about a week.
T題型：單選題
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The writer implies that _________.
A. sleep is important for good mental and physical health
B. a light sleep is as restful as a deep sleep
C. memory is improved during sleep
D. sleep is relatively unimportant for human beings
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From the amount of sleep Napoleon, Edison and Darwin required, we can infer that_______.
A. they were famous great men
B. they were executive workers
C. they were intelligent people
D. they were involved in mentally demanding work
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The amount of sleep required ________.
A. varies greatly from individual to individual
B. depends on an individual's age
C. relates to an individual's occupation
D. all of the above.
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According to the passage, the sleeping routine will be built at the age of _________.
A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40
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From animal experiments, we can conclude that the final result of the lack of sleep is probably _________.
A. mental illness B. mental breakdown
【D】
